Impacto social de la comunicación de las predicciones del tiempo
Resumen
Flaubert escribía que el tiempo es “Eternel sujet de conversation. Cause universelle des maladies. Toujours s'en plaindre” 1. Sin entrar en análisis socioantropológicos es cierto que el tiempo que hará va a condicionar las relaciones sociales y las actividades económicas. El tiempo puede limitar lo que es posible hacer durante un día e influir en nuestro humor y nuestro bienestar psicofísico. Los fenómenos meteorológicos pueden, por lo tanto, contribuir a la definición de nuestro estado físico, mental y emocional, de la forma de sentir y sentirse en la vida cotidiana, con efectos diferentes según la edad, género, cultura y autonomía psicofísica2 . Las predicciones del tiempo son informaciones científicas útiles para proteger las actividades weather-sensitive, por lo tanto necesitan una comunicación rápida y reciben un feedback igualmente rápido por el público3 que evalua su utilidad incluso antes de su calidad científica. Meteorólogos y usuarios comparten, entonces, el objetivo de minimizar los daños y maximizar los beneficios que los eventos atmosféricos pueden traer. Las primeras causas de los desastres provocados por fenómenos meteorológicos son sociales y por lo tanto las predicciones pueden ser útiles a la sociedad para mitigar el choque de estos fenómenos sobre sectores sensibles de la población y para la toma de decisiones en muchas actividades económicas4. Al crecer la fiabilidad de las predicciones meteorológicas ha subido también su valor socioeconómico, aunque sin un correspondiente desarrollo cultural del público que, generalmente, aún no aprecia la capacidad de utilización racional de las previsiones.Citas
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